Haramain: Journal of Business Management is a periodic scientific journal published three times a year by the Lembaga Penerbitan, Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Badri Mashduqi Institute, Probolinggo. This journal publishes articles of interest to practitioners, business people, lecturers, policy makers and researchers. This journal includes research articles, original research reports, reviews in business management in various fields including: 1) Leadership, 2) Human Resource Management, 3) Financial Management, 4) Payroll Management & Regulation, 5) Marketing Strategy Management, 6 ) Transportation Management, etc. Journal title Haramain : Journal of Business Management Indonesian Title Haramain : Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Short title Haramain Frequency Three times a year (January, May, and September) DOI https://doi.org/10.66931/jmb Online ISSN 2797-4022 Language English Editor in Chief Achmad Basofitrah, S.M., M.M. Publisher Institut Badri Mashduqi Citation Analysis Google Scholar, Garuda, Crossref, Dimensions, WorldCat, Harvard Library, Ouci, Leiden Universiteit, Copernicus
Lembaga Penelitian, Penerbitan dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Institut Badri Mashduqi
Evaluation of the Marketing Strategy of Mama Zila Pasuruan Spinach Stick MSME in Enhancing Product Competitiveness
The increasingly competitive snack food industry demands that Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) employ adaptive and innovative marketing strategies to maintain their existence and enhance product competitiveness. This study aims to evaluate the marketing strategy implemented by Mama Zila's Stick Bayam MSME and analyze its impact on product competitiveness. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the marketing strategy implemented is still traditional, including products made from natural ingredients without preservatives, affordable prices, limited direct distribution, and promotion only through word of mouth and personal social media. Business evaluation was conducted informally through consumer feedback and manual sales recording. Follow-up actions from the evaluation results included packaging improvements, PIRT permit processing, digital promotion training, periodic financial records, and responses to customer feedback. Although simple, the strategy and evaluation conducted show the potential to increase product competitiveness if accompanied by strengthening branding, developing distribution, and maximizing digital technology utilization.
Copyright (c) 2026 asif M. Asif Nur Fauzi, Jazilatur Rohmah, Nuruddin, Ali Machrus, Chulil Barory (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Utilizing the Attention Economy as A Means of Actualizing Santripreneurs
The rapid growth of the digital economy has transformed entrepreneurship from being primarily based on physical capital to one increasingly driven by public attention. However, studies on the role of the attention economy in developing santripreneurship within Islamic boarding schools remain limited. This study aims to examine the utilization of the attention economy as a form of santripreneur actualization at Pondok Pesantren Roudhotun Nafiiyah Pasuruan and to formulate an attention economy-based santripreneur model. This research employed a qualitative case study approach. Data were collected through observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving pesantren leaders, entrepreneurship program managers, and santri. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings show that the attention economy is implemented through digital content creation, social media management, promotion of student products, and dissemination of pesantren activities. Public attention functions as digital capital that can be transformed into trust, reputation, social networks, and entrepreneurial opportunities. The study also found that Islamic values, including amanah, honesty, responsibility, and maslahah, guide attention economy practices. Based on these findings, this study proposes an attention economy-based santripreneur model that integrates digital engagement, entrepreneurship, and Islamic values. The study contributes to Islamic entrepreneurship literature by introducing attention as a strategic capital for santripreneur development in the digital era.
Attention Economy, Santripreneur, Digital Entrepreneurship, Islamic Boarding Schools, Economic Independence of Santri
Copyright (c) 2026 mochammad Sabiq Al Hadi Sabiq, Intan Putri Nazila (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Does Additional Income Matter? Analyzing the Effects of Financial Incentives and Attendance on Civil Servant Performance
The Regional Civil Service and Human Resource Development Agency (BKPSDM) of West Aceh Regency plays a strategic role in managing civil servants at the regional level. The performance of this institution is influenced by employee attendance (absenteeism) and additional employee income (TPP). However, preliminary observations indicate several issues, including suboptimal attendance levels and dissatisfaction with the TPP calculation system. There is also a mismatch between performance and the amount of TPP received, where employees with low attendance still receive relatively high TPP, while high-performing employees do not receive maximum benefits. This condition creates a perception of unfairness, which may reduce motivation and work ethic. This study aims to analyze the effect of attendance and TPP on employee performance at BKPSDM of West Aceh Regency. The research was conducted at the BKPSDM office, involving 54 employees as the sample. The variables examined include attendance, additional employee income, and employee performance. The results show that, partially, attendance has a significant effect on employee performance with a significance value of 0.037 (<0.05). TPP also has a significant partial effect on performance with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05). Simultaneously, both variables have a significant effect on employee performance, as evidenced by the F-test with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05). The combined influence of attendance and TPP on employee performance is 44.5%, while the remaining 55.5% is influenced by other factors outside the research model. Thus, both variables are proven to support the research hypothesis.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Ridhotul Uliyah, Nurmala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Driving Business Sustainability in Islamic Enterprises: The Role of Moral Commitment
This study examines the role of moral commitment as a foundational determinant of business sustainability in Islamic enterprises. Amid increasing global concerns over ethical failures, environmental degradation, and social inequality, Islamic enterprises are expected to demonstrate moral integrity grounded in Islamic ethical values such as amanah (trustworthiness), adl (justice), ihsan (excellence), and maslahah (public interest). This research aims to analyze how moral commitment is conceptualized, internalized, and operationalized within Islamic business organizations and how it contributes to long-term sustainability across economic, social, and environmental dimensions. Employing a qualitative literature-based research design with a normative-philosophical and conceptual approach, this study synthesizes contemporary national and international scholarly works on Islamic business ethics and sustainability. The findings reveal that moral commitment functions not merely as a normative ideal but as a strategic organizational asset that strengthens governance, stakeholder trust, risk management, and adaptive resilience. The study contributes theoretically by integrating Islamic moral philosophy with sustainability theory and practically by offering a value-based framework for strengthening sustainable Islamic enterprises.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yusril Firmansyah Akbar, Kurniawan Ramadhani, Kiky Zulkifli (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Integration of Content Marketing and Storytelling to Enhance Perceived Value and Purchase Intention toward Local Fashion Brands
This study investigates the integration of content marketing and storytelling in enhancing perceived value and purchase intention toward local fashion brands. As competition in the digital marketplace intensifies, local fashion businesses are required to adopt marketing strategies that not only communicate product attributes but also establish meaningful emotional connections with consumers. This research employs a systematic literature review approach by analyzing 21 peer-reviewed articles and industry reports published between 2018 and 2025. Data were collected from reputable academic databases, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Emerald Insight, and Springer Link, and were analyzed using thematic synthesis. The findings reveal that content marketing primarily strengthens consumers’ functional perceived value by providing relevant, informative, and consistent product-related information. In contrast, storytelling enhances emotional perceived value through authentic narratives that foster trust, engagement, and brand attachment. The integration of these strategies generates a synergistic effect that significantly increases purchase intention by combining rational evaluation with emotional involvement. The effectiveness of this integration is influenced by message consistency, cultural relevance, and sustained digital engagement across social media platforms. This study contributes to the marketing literature by providing a comprehensive understanding of how informational and narrative-based communication jointly influence consumer behavior. Practical implications suggest that local fashion brands should develop culturally relevant and authentic digital storytelling strategies to strengthen competitive advantage and foster long-term customer relationships.
Copyright (c) 2026 Meitri Wulandari Djaya Negara, Ragina Gita Amelia, Tezhalonika Marchela, Rusnandari Retno Cahyani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Does Motivation Predict Entrepreneurial Behavior In Youth Samples?
Entrepreneurial behavior has become increasingly vital in addressing economic and unemployment challenges in many parts of Nigeria. While studies have used different predictors on entrepreneurial behavior, however, studies linking motivation directly on entrepreneurial behavior are lacking. Therefore, this study examines the predictive role of motivation on entrepreneurial behavior in youth samples. Cross-sectional survey design was adopted while purposive sampling technique was used to select the study population. Data were conveniently collected from 220 youths using validated questionnaires and analyzed using simple linear regression p < .001 level of significance. The result indicates significant influence of motivation on entrepreneurial behavior, F (1, 218) = 45.90, p < 0.001. Further analysis reveals that motivation independently predicts entrepreneurial behavior (β = .658, p <.001). The study concludes that motivation is a robust predictor of entrepreneurial behavior in study participants. The study concludes that the government and private sector should create entrepreneurial hubs and incubators to motivate youths to engage in entrepreneurial behavior.
Copyright (c) 2026 Chidinma Nebo, Ekaete Ufeh, Emmanuel Uye (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Understanding Arab Culture: The Key to Successfully Seizing the Economic Opportunities of the Hajj and Umrah
This study examines the importance of understanding Arab culture as a foundation for the social adaptation of Hajj and Umrah pilgrims in the Holy Land. Limited cultural understanding, language barriers, and differences in communication styles often create difficulties for pilgrims in interacting with local communities and adjusting to the social environment in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between Arab cultural understanding, intercultural communication, and pilgrims’ readiness through a literature review approach. This research employed a qualitative method using library research. Data were collected from books, scientific journals, conference proceedings, and other academic sources related to Arab culture, intercultural communication, social adaptation, and Hajj education. The data were analyzed using content analysis to identify patterns and relationships among previous studies. The findings reveal that understanding Arab culture significantly supports pilgrims’ social adaptation and enhances the quality of their worship experience. Pilgrims with better cultural knowledge tend to communicate more effectively, reduce misunderstandings, and adapt more easily to the social environment in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, intercultural communication training and culturally oriented manasik education positively contribute to pilgrims’ confidence, comfort, and readiness. However, current Hajj preparation programs still focus primarily on ritual aspects and provide limited socio-cultural education. This study concludes that Arab cultural literacy should be integrated into Hajj and Umrah preparation programs to strengthen pilgrims’ social, cultural, and spiritual readiness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Affan Maulana, Mohammad Zainullah, Ahmad Shidqi Romadhani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enhancing Babinsa Performance in Jember: The Mediating Role of Public Service Motivation on the Relationship Between Servant Leadership and Work Engagement
This study examines the role of public service motivation in mediating the relationship between servant leadership and work engagement in enhancing Babinsa performance in Jember. The research adopts a quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with 226 Babinsa personnel as respondents. Data were collected through structured questionnaires measuring servant leadership, public service motivation, work engagement, and performance indicators. The findings reveal that servant leadership has a significant positive effect on public service motivation and work engagement. Public service motivation also significantly enhances work engagement, indicating that personnel with stronger intrinsic motivation to serve society tend to demonstrate higher levels of enthusiasm, dedication, and involvement in their duties. Furthermore, mediation analysis confirms that public service motivation significantly mediates the relationship between servant leadership and work engagement. The study contributes theoretically by integrating servant leadership theory, public service motivation theory, and work engagement theory within the context of territorial military organizations, which remains underexplored in previous studies. The findings highlight the importance of leadership behaviors emphasizing empathy, empowerment, and ethical responsibility in strengthening personnel motivation and engagement. Practically, this research suggests that Babinsa institutions should develop leadership strategies focused on service orientation and reinforce public service values to improve personnel effectiveness and community trust. Despite its contributions, the study is limited to Babinsa personnel in Jember and employs a cross-sectional design. Future studies are recommended to involve broader contexts and additional organizational variables.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yudha Pradana, Rijalus zeman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Artificial Intelligence Integration in Recruitment: Enhancing Efficiency while Navigating Algorithmic Bias and Candidate Experience
This study investigates the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recruitment and its impact on recruitment efficiency, algorithmic bias, and candidate experience within the context of HIPMI Kota Malang. A quantitative approach was employed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with a sample of 160 respondents consisting of business owners and recruitment practitioners. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed to examine both direct relationships among variables. The results indicate that AI integration significantly enhances recruitment efficiency, confirming its role in streamlining hiring processes and improving decision-making. However, AI integration is also found to significantly influence algorithmic bias, suggesting potential risks related to fairness and transparency. Furthermore, recruitment efficiency positively affects candidate experience, while algorithmic bias negatively impacts it, highlighting the dual effects of AI implementation. This study contributes theoretically by integrating technological and behavioral perspectives into a comprehensive framework of AI-driven recruitment outcomes. It extends existing literature by demonstrating the simultaneous benefits and risks of AI adoption, particularly in entrepreneurial contexts. Practically, the findings suggest that organizations should adopt responsible AI strategies by balancing efficiency gains with ethical considerations, including transparency and bias mitigation. The study is limited by its regional focus and cross-sectional design; therefore, future research is recommended to explore broader contexts and longitudinal approaches. Overall, this research underscores the importance of aligning technological innovation with fairness and human-centered recruitment practices.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wisma Miftahur Rozi, Wilni Wahda Ulwiyati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Impact of Green Human Resource Management on Organizational Environmental Performance: The Mediating Role of Employee Pro-Environmental Behavior
This study examines the impact of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) on organizational environmental performance, with employee pro-environmental behavior as a mediating variable, in the context of PT Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER). A quantitative approach was employed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with a sample of 80 employees. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed to assess both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results indicate that GHRM has a positive and significant effect on organizational environmental performance and significantly influences employee pro-environmental behavior. Furthermore, employee pro-environmental behavior is found to have a positive effect on environmental performance and partially mediates the relationship between GHRM and organizational outcomes. This study contributes theoretically by integrating organizational practices and individual behavioral mechanisms into a comprehensive model of environmental performance, particularly within an industrial context in a developing country. Practically, the findings suggest that organizations should enhance sustainability outcomes by strengthening GHRM practices and fostering employee engagement in pro-environmental activities. The study is limited by its sample size and single organizational focus; therefore, future research is recommended to include broader contexts and additional variables. Overall, this research highlights the importance of aligning human resource strategies with environmental objectives to achieve sustainable organizational performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dedi Joko Hermawan, Hidayatul Hikmah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Digital Transformation Process in Encouraging the Internationalization of MSMEs: The Role of Digital Literacy as a Key Supporter
This study investigates the digital transformation process in encouraging the internationalization of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), with a particular focus on the role of digital literacy as a key supporting factor. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research was conducted in Jember, Indonesia, involving MSME actors across various sectors. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion verification. The findings reveal that digital transformation among MSMEs often begins with basic adoption of digital tools; however, its effectiveness in supporting internationalization is highly dependent on the level of digital literacy. MSMEs with higher digital literacy demonstrate more strategic use of digital platforms, enabling them to access broader markets, including international customers. Conversely, limited digital literacy results in suboptimal utilization of technology and restricts market expansion. This study contributes theoretically by integrating digital literacy into the digital transformation framework as a central enabler of MSME internationalization, particularly within the context of developing regions. Practically, the findings highlight the importance of capacity-building initiatives, suggesting that policymakers and stakeholders should prioritize digital literacy development alongside technological infrastructure. The study is limited by its qualitative design and localized scope; therefore, future research is recommended to employ broader and comparative approaches. Overall, this research underscores the critical role of digital literacy in maximizing the impact of digital transformation for sustainable MSME growth in the global economy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Selvia Linggani, Wanda Nadzirotul Hamidah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Decoding Gen Z Retention: The Interplay Between Authentic Leadership, Work-Life Balance, and Digital Nomadism Tendencies
This study examines the interplay between authentic leadership, work-life balance, and digital nomadism tendencies in influencing Generation Z employee retention within small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Dili, Timor-Leste. Employing a quantitative associative research design, data were collected from 385 Gen Z employees using purposive sampling. The analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with SPSS to test both direct and interaction effects. The results reveal that authentic leadership and work-life balance have positive and significant effects on employee retention, indicating that supportive leadership practices and balanced work conditions enhance employees’ intention to stay. In contrast, digital nomadism tendencies show a significant negative effect, suggesting that a stronger preference for flexible, location-independent work reduces retention. Furthermore, digital nomadism is found to weaken the positive influence of authentic leadership and work-life balance on retention, highlighting its moderating role. The study contributes theoretically by integrating organizational and individual lifestyle factors into a comprehensive retention model, particularly within the underexplored SME context in a developing country. Practically, the findings suggest that SMEs must adopt adaptive human resource strategies by combining strong leadership, employee well-being, and flexible work arrangements to retain Gen Z employees. The study is limited by its cross-sectional design and geographic focus; therefore, future research is recommended to explore longitudinal data and broader contexts. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into managing the evolving expectations of the Gen Z workforce in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 HARAMAIN : Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Fostering Innovative Work Behavior in Startups: The Interplay between Inclusive Leadership and Psychological Safety.
In increasingly dynamic and competitive business environments, organizations are required to strengthen their innovation capacity by encouraging employees to generate, promote, and implement new ideas in the workplace. One of the key factors influencing such behavior is leadership, particularly inclusive leadership, which emphasizes openness, accessibility, and appreciation of employee contributions. This study examines the effect of inclusive leadership on innovative work behavior, with psychological safety serving as a mediating variable, in the context of PT. Mifa Bersaudara Aceh. A quantitative explanatory research design was employed, and data were collected from 70 employees using a structured questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, including descriptive statistics, validity and reliability testing, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and path analysis. Hypothesis testing was conducted at a 5% significance level. The findings reveal that inclusive leadership has a positive and significant effect on innovative work behavior and also significantly enhances psychological safety. In addition, psychological safety has a positive and significant effect on innovative work behavior and mediates the relationship between inclusive leadership and innovative work behavior. These results indicate that employees are more likely to engage in innovative behavior when they perceive their leaders as open, supportive, and willing to value their contributions, and when they feel safe to express ideas and take interpersonal risks. The study contributes to the literature by clarifying the psychological mechanism through which inclusive leadership fosters innovative work behavior in an organizational context. Practically, the findings suggest that organizations should strengthen inclusive leadership practices and cultivate psychologically safe work environments in order to promote sustainable employee innovation.
Copyright (c) 2025 HARAMAIN : Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis
Building Competitive Advantage Through Strategic Management Practices: A Qualitative Study of Service Firms
Building competitive advantage has become a critical objective for service firms operating in highly competitive and dynamic markets. Strategic management practices play a significant role in enabling organizations to align internal capabilities with external opportunities in order to sustain long-term performance. This study aims to explore how competitive advantage is developed through strategic management practices within a service firm, focusing on PT. Megah Sarana Gumilang, an outsourcing company based in Surabaya, Indonesia. The research employed a qualitative case study approach to gain an in-depth understanding of managerial strategies and organizational practices implemented by the company. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with company managers and operational staff, supported by field observations and document analysis. The collected data were analyzed using an interactive qualitative analysis model consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that competitive advantage in the company is primarily built through the integration of human resource quality, responsive service delivery, and strong client relationship management. The organization emphasizes workforce discipline, service reliability, and continuous performance monitoring to maintain client trust and service quality. The study contributes to the strategic management literature by highlighting the importance of intangible organizational capabilities—such as service responsiveness and human capital management—in shaping competitive advantage in labor-intensive service industries. Practically, the findings provide insights for managers in outsourcing and other service sectors to strengthen strategic management practices that support sustainable organizational competitiveness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Abd. Hakam, Zainul Ulum (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Cultivating Talent Retention through Green HRM: Exploring the Impact of Organizational Pride in Eco-Conscious Enterprises.
In the context of increasing environmental awareness and intensifying competition for skilled employees, organizations are required to develop human resource strategies that not only support sustainability goals but also strengthen talent retention. This study examines the effect of Green Human Resource Management (Green HRM) on talent retention, with organizational pride as a mediating variable, in the context of PT. Kencana Agro Persada Riau. A quantitative explanatory design was employed, and data were collected from 200 employees using a structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, including descriptive statistics, validity and reliability testing, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and path analysis. Hypothesis testing was conducted at a 5% significance level to evaluate both direct and indirect relationships among the variables. The findings indicate that Green HRM has a positive and significant effect on talent retention and also positively and significantly influences organizational pride. In addition, organizational pride has a positive and significant effect on talent retention and mediates the relationship between Green HRM and talent retention. These results suggest that green-oriented HR practices enhance employees’ intention to remain not only through direct organizational support, but also by fostering a sense of pride in belonging to an environmentally responsible company. The study contributes to the literature by clarifying the psychological mechanism linking Green HRM and talent retention in an eco-conscious enterprise context. Practically, the findings imply that organizations should integrate sustainability values into HR practices in a visible and credible manner in order to strengthen employee pride and improve long-term talent retention.
Transformational Leadership and Employee Motivation: Inquiry into Behavioral Mechanisms within Private Enterprises.
Employee motivation remains a critical issue in private enterprises because it directly affects productivity, organizational commitment, and long-term business sustainability. Among the leadership approaches widely associated with enhanced employee outcomes, transformational leadership has received substantial scholarly attention. However, limited research has examined the behavioral mechanisms through which transformational leadership influences employee motivation, particularly in the context of private enterprises in regional settings. This study aims to explore how transformational leadership shapes employee motivation through behavioral mechanisms within PT. Tamarin Jaya Lombok Timur. A qualitative case study approach was employed to obtain an in-depth understanding of leadership practices and employees’ motivational experiences in their natural organizational context. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis, and were analyzed using the interactive model of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The findings reveal that transformational leadership influences employee motivation primarily through relational and behavioral processes, especially role modeling, consistency between words and actions, fairness, and direct leader involvement in work activities. Employees were more motivated when they perceived their leaders as trustworthy, disciplined, and worthy of emulation. The study further shows that motivation is not merely a result of formal authority or material incentives, but is constructed through employees’ interpretations of leaders’ everyday behaviors. These findings contribute to the transformational leadership literature by clarifying the micro-level behavioral mechanisms that connect leadership practices with employee motivation in private enterprise settings. Practically, the study suggests that organizations should strengthen leadership development by emphasizing integrity, relational competence, and exemplary conduct in order to foster a more motivating work environment.
Integrating Sustainability in Resource-Constrained Environments: A Qualitative Study of Indonesian MSMEs.
Sustainability has become an important issue in business development, including within Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) operating in resource-constrained environments. Despite their significant contribution to economic growth and employment, many MSMEs face limitations in financial resources, technology, and access to sustainability-related knowledge. This study aims to explore how MSMEs integrate sustainability practices within resource-constrained environments, focusing on MSMEs in Palembang, Indonesia. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving several MSME actors from different business sectors. Data were analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings reveal that sustainability integration among MSMEs often emerges through adaptive and practical strategies rather than formal sustainability frameworks. MSME actors tend to implement sustainability through efficient use of local resources, waste reduction, reuse of materials, and energy-saving practices in daily business operations. These practices are primarily driven by economic efficiency and business survival rather than regulatory pressure or environmental awareness alone. The study highlights that sustainability in resource-constrained MSMEs develops through contextual and experience-based strategies that align economic needs with environmentally responsible practices. The findings contribute to the literature on sustainable entrepreneurship by providing empirical insights into grassroots sustainability practices among small enterprises in developing economies. Practically, the study suggests that policymakers should design more context-sensitive sustainability programs that support MSMEs through capacity building, access to knowledge, and resource-efficient business practices.
Unveiling the Green Purchase Gap: A Qualitative Investigation into Consumer Decision-Making for Sustainable Products.
This study investigates the green purchase gap in consumer decision-making for sustainable fashion products, with a specific focus on micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) engaged in ecoprint and thrifting businesses in East Java, Indonesia. The increasing public awareness of environmental sustainability has encouraged the growth of sustainable fashion; however, positive attitudes toward environmentally friendly products do not always translate into actual purchasing behavior. This study aims to explore how consumers interpret sustainable fashion products and identify the factors that shape the gap between environmental concern and real purchase decisions. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed to capture the complexity of consumer experiences and considerations in a specific socio-economic context. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The findings reveal that the green purchase gap is influenced not by the absence of environmental awareness, but by the interaction between sustainability values and practical consumption considerations, including price, product quality, hygiene, style compatibility, perceived risk, and trust in sustainability claims. Consumers tend to support sustainable fashion at the attitudinal level, yet actual purchasing decisions remain contingent upon whether such products are perceived as relevant, credible, and valuable in everyday consumption. Theoretically, this study contributes to the literature on sustainable consumer behavior by offering an interpretive and contextual understanding of the attitude–behavior gap in sustainable fashion consumption. Practically, the findings suggest that MSMEs should strengthen transparent communication, product storytelling, quality assurance, and value-based marketing strategies to reduce consumer hesitation and enhance actual purchase behavior. This study is limited to sustainable fashion MSMEs in East Java and the consumer perspective; therefore, future research is encouraged to expand to other sectors, regions, and methodological approaches for broader generalization.
Decoding Gen Z Engagement: A Phenomenological Study of Retention Strategies in the High-Pressure Startup Ecosystem
This study examines retention strategies for Generation Z employees within the high-pressure startup ecosystem in Indonesia. The rapid growth of startups has created highly dynamic, competitive, and demanding work environments, making employee retention a critical issue, particularly for younger workers who tend to value meaningful work, flexibility, supportive leadership, and opportunities for growth. This research aims to explore how Generation Z employees interpret retention strategies implemented by startups and how such strategies shape their willingness to remain in the organization. Using a qualitative approach with a case study design, this study collected data through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving Generation Z employees working in Indonesian startups. The data were analyzed through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The findings reveal that retention strategies in high-pressure startup settings are not primarily determined by financial incentives alone, but by the quality of employees’ daily work experiences. Open communication, supervisor support, work flexibility, recognition, and learning opportunities emerged as the most influential factors shaping employees’ decisions to stay. The study further shows that high work pressure does not necessarily lead to turnover intention when the organization provides meaningful support and creates a psychologically safe and developmental work environment. Theoretically, this study contributes to the literature on employee retention by emphasizing a relational and experience-based perspective, especially in the context of Generation Z and startup organizations. Practically, the study suggests that startup managers should design retention strategies that integrate performance demands with employee well-being, supportive leadership, and career development. This study is limited to the context of Indonesian startups and Generation Z employees; therefore, future studies are encouraged to examine other sectors, compare different generations, and employ mixed-method approaches for broader generalization.
Strategic Decision-Making in Small and Medium Enterprises: A Qualitative Case Study Approach
Strategic decision-making plays a critical role in determining the sustainability and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), particularly in dynamic urban economic environments. SMEs often face challenges such as limited resources, market uncertainty, and intense competition, which require entrepreneurs to make adaptive and effective strategic decisions. This study aims to explore the strategic decision-making processes among SMEs in Bandung City, Indonesia. The research employed a qualitative case study approach to gain an in-depth understanding of how SME owners interpret business challenges, evaluate opportunities, and formulate strategic responses. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with SME owners and managers, supported by field observations and documentation analysis. The collected data were analyzed using an interactive qualitative analysis model consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that strategic decision-making in SMEs is strongly influenced by entrepreneurial experience, market feedback, and environmental dynamics. SME owners tend to rely on experiential knowledge, customer responses, and informal discussions when determining business strategies. In addition, digital platforms such as social media and online marketplaces have become increasingly important in shaping strategic decisions related to marketing and business expansion. The study contributes to the strategic management literature by highlighting the contextual and adaptive nature of decision-making processes in SMEs. Practically, the findings provide insights for policymakers and business development institutions in designing programs that strengthen the strategic capabilities of SME entrepreneurs and support sustainable business growth.
Digital Transformation And Business Model Innovation: Examining The Impact Of Digital Technologies On Sme Competitiveness
Digital transformation has become a crucial factor in enhancing organizational competitiveness in the digital economy. The rapid development of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly changed how firms create, deliver, and capture value in business activities. This study aims to examine the relationship between digital transformation, business model innovation, and the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through a literature review approach. The study employs a qualitative literature review method by analyzing relevant academic publications from 2020 to 2024. The literature sources were collected from reputable journals and academic databases such as Scopus and Google Scholar. The findings indicate that digital transformation acts as a key driver of business model innovation by enhancing digital capabilities, integrating data-driven processes, and utilizing digital platforms in business operations. These innovations enable SMEs to improve operational efficiency, expand market access, and create new value propositions for customers. However, SMEs still face several challenges in implementing digital transformation, including limited digital literacy, financial constraints, and inadequate technological infrastructure. Therefore, supportive policies, digital capacity development, and collaboration among governments, private sectors, and educational institutions are essential to accelerate sustainable digital transformation among SMEs.
The Role Of Digital Platforms In Enhancing Customer Engagement And Business Performance In The Digital Economy
The rapid development of the digital economy has significantly transformed how businesses operate, interact with customers, and create value. Digital platforms such as online marketplaces, social media, and business applications play a critical role in supporting marketing activities, communication processes, and customer relationship management. This study aims to analyze the role of digital platforms in enhancing customer engagement and business performance within the digital economy. The research employs a literature review approach by examining relevant scholarly articles published between 2020 and 2023. The findings indicate that digital platforms can enhance customer engagement through more interactive communication, personalized services, and increased customer participation within digital ecosystems. Improved customer engagement subsequently contributes to better business performance, including increased sales, stronger customer loyalty, and enhanced product and service innovation. However, the adoption of digital platforms also presents several challenges, including digital capability gaps, data security concerns, and dependence on platform ecosystems. Therefore, businesses need to develop integrated digital strategies and adopt customer-centric approaches to maximize the benefits of digital platforms in improving business performance.
Copyright (c) 2024 HARAMAIN : Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis
The Effect of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation on The Academic Achievement of Students of The Faculty of Economics and Business Uniraya
This study aims to examine the effect of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation on the academic achievement of students at the Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB) UNIRAYA. The study employed a quantitative approach with an associative research design. The population and sample consisted of all 30 students of FEB UNIRAYA. Primary data were collected through questionnaires distributed to all respondents. Data analysis techniques included multiple linear regression analysis, partial t-tests, coefficient of determination (R²), and Pearson correlation analysis, processed using SPSS version 22. The results indicate that intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on students’ academic achievement, while extrinsic motivation does not have a significant partial effect. However, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation simultaneously have a very strong influence on academic achievement, as reflected by an R² value of 0.995. Pearson correlation analysis also reveals a very strong and positive relationship between both types of motivation and academic achievement. These findings confirm that intrinsic motivation plays a dominant role in enhancing students’ academic performance, whereas extrinsic motivation functions as a complementary factor. The study highlights the importance of fostering intrinsic motivation to achieve sustainable academic success in higher education.
Copyright (c) 2026 HARAMAIN : Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis
The Effect of Motivation and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance at The Office of Population and Civil Registration Services of South Nias Regency
This study aims to examine the effect of work motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of South Nias Regency. The research adopts a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to all 65 employees, applying a saturated sampling technique. The research instruments were tested for validity and reliability, while data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with SPSS version 25. The results indicate that work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. In addition, job satisfaction also shows a positive and significant influence on employee performance. Simultaneously, work motivation and job satisfaction significantly affect employee performance. These findings suggest that higher levels of motivation and job satisfaction contribute to improved employee performance. Therefore, organizations are encouraged to enhance motivational strategies and improve job satisfaction to achieve better performance outcomes and sustainable improvements in public service quality.
Analysis of Live Shopping on E-Commerce Platforms as an Interactive Marketing Communication Strategy n The Digital Economy Era
The transformation of the digital economy has significantly reshaped marketing communication strategies, particularly through the emergence of live shopping on e-commerce platforms. This study aims to examine how interactive marketing communication in live shopping fosters social presence, enhances consumer trust, and stimulates impulse buying behavior. Employing a qualitative approach, the research utilizes participatory observation and in-depth interviews conducted during live shopping sessions on major Indonesian e-commerce platforms. The findings reveal that the effectiveness of live shopping is driven by the integration of several key elements, including real-time interactivity, host social presence, entertainment (shoppertainment), parasocial interaction, and the strategic use of platform features. These elements collectively reduce consumers’ psychological barriers to online shopping and create a more humanized and participatory shopping experience. Nevertheless, the study also identifies challenges related to maintaining brand message consistency amid the highly dynamic nature of two-way communication. This research contributes theoretically to the field of digital marketing communication and offers practical insights for brands in designing effective and sustainable live shopping strategies within competitive digital ecosystems.
The Impact of the Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) Phenomenon on Impulsive Purchasing Decisions in Generation Z
The rapid development of digital technology and social media has significantly transformed consumption behavior, particularly among Generation Z as digital natives. One psychological phenomenon emerging from intensive digital interaction is Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), defined as anxiety arising from the perception of missing valuable information, trends, or social experiences. This study aims to analyze the influence of FOMO on impulsive buying decisions among Generation Z. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through a literature review, supported by interview, observation, and documentation data. The findings reveal that FOMO functions as a dominant psychological factor driving impulsive buying behavior, particularly through social media exposure and digital marketing strategies emphasizing urgency and scarcity. Impulsive buying is interpreted as an emotional response intended to reduce social anxiety and maintain personal relevance within digital environments. The results indicate that, in the absence of adequate self-regulation and digital literacy, Generation Z is vulnerable to excessive consumption patterns that may negatively affect financial stability and psychological well-being. This study contributes to the conceptual understanding of consumer behavior in the digital era and provides insights for the development of more ethical and reflective marketing practices.
The Influence of The Campus Environment on Student Learning Motivation in The Management Study Program at Nias Raya University
This study aims to analyze the influence of the campus environment on students’ learning motivation in the Management Study Program at Nias Raya University. The research employed a quantitative approach with a causal research design. The population consisted of students from the Management Study Program at Nias Raya University, with a sample of 30 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 22. The data analysis techniques included validity testing, reliability testing, classical assumption tests, simple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing (t-test), and coefficient of determination analysis. The results indicate that all research instruments were valid and reliable. The classical assumption tests showed that the data were normally distributed, linear, and free from heteroskedasticity. The regression analysis revealed that the campus environment has a positive and significant effect on students’ learning motivation. The t-test results showed a significance value below 0.05, indicating that the research hypothesis was accepted. The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.315 indicates that the campus environment accounts for 31.5% of the variance in students’ learning motivation, while the remaining 68.5% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. These findings highlight the importance of a supportive campus environment in enhancing students’ motivation to learn.
Analysis of Students' Experience and Satisfaction in Management Use of Academic Information System (SIAKAD) University of Great Nias
This study aims to analyze students’ experiences and satisfaction in using the Academic Information System (SIAKAD) at the University of Great Nias, focusing on students of the Management Study Program. A qualitative approach with a descriptive qualitative design was employed in this study. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving students who had actively used SIAKAD for at least one semester. Informants were selected using purposive sampling until data saturation was achieved. Data analysis was conducted using an interactive analysis model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that students generally have positive experiences in using SIAKAD, particularly in terms of ease of access to academic information, practicality of academic services, and system support for learning activities. Students also reported a satisfactory level of satisfaction, as the system was able to meet their expectations and academic needs. However, several challenges were identified, including system speed and stability during peak usage periods and the need for improvement in interface design to enhance usability. The study concludes that although SIAKAD has provided significant benefits for students, continuous evaluation and system development are necessary to further improve user experience and satisfaction.
The Effect of Learning Motivation on The Performance of Management Students at Nias Raya University in Completing Course Assignments
This study aims to examine the effect of learning motivation on the performance of Management students at Nias Raya University in completing course assignments. The research employed a quantitative approach with an associative research design. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to 30 active Management students selected using purposive sampling. The collected data were analyzed using simple linear regression after passing validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests, including normality, linearity, and heteroskedasticity tests. The results show that learning motivation has a positive and significant effect on student performance. The regression analysis indicates that an increase in learning motivation leads to an improvement in students’ ability to complete academic assignments. The t-test results confirm that learning motivation significantly influences student performance at a 5% significance level. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination reveals that learning motivation explains 83.8% of the variance in student performance, while the remaining percentage is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. These findings highlight the importance of fostering learning motivation to enhance student performance in higher education. Therefore, lecturers and educational institutions are encouraged to implement learning strategies that strengthen students’ motivation in order to improve academic outcomes.
Transformation Of Shopping Culture And Negotiation Of Consumer Decisions In Tamanan District
This study aims to analyze the impact of the presence of modern markets on the marketing performance of traditional markets from the perspectives of traders and consumers in Tamanan Regency. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling (purposive sampling), and data analysis is conducted by organizing data into categories, describing them into units, synthesizing, arranging them into patterns, selecting important aspects to be studied, and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that the presence of modern markets in Tamanan Regency has both positive and negative impacts. Traditional market traders experience a decline in profits and market share due to market segmentation; however, traders also recognize that changes over time and regional development necessitate adaptation and renewal of business systems to minimize competition and enhance partnerships as well as competitiveness within the industry. The Tamanan Regency Government is expected to acknowledge this condition and formulate policies to regulate the operational systems of both traditional and modern markets, enabling them to operate more dynamically and coexist without engaging in price wars that could negatively affect the market ecosystem or price stability