Conflict of Interest

A conflict of interest exists when personal, professional, financial, or other relationships may improperly influence, or appear to influence, the objectivity of research, peer review, or editorial decisions.

All authors, editors, and reviewers involved with DAAR EL-KAMIL: Multidisciplinary Journal must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflict of interest relevant to a manuscript. Examples include financial relationships, institutional affiliations, personal relationships, professional collaborations, and competing interests.

• Authors must declare relevant conflicts at submission. If there are none, they must say so explicitly.
• Editors and reviewers must disclose competing interests and withdraw from the process when their impartiality may be compromised, including when they share an institutional affiliation with the authors or have a close working relationship with them.
• The Editor-in-Chief assesses disclosed conflicts and takes the steps needed to keep the process fair and unbiased. Manuscripts submitted by members of the editorial team are handled by another editor with no involvement of the submitting editor.

Failure to disclose a relevant conflict may lead to editorial action, including rejection of the manuscript or, for published articles, correction or retraction. All disclosures are handled confidentially, in line with publication ethics best practice.